Step back in time and explore the fascinating history of the Champ-de-Mars, a Parisian landmark that has witnessed centuries of change. From a bustling military training ground to a serene green oasis, the Champ-de-Mars has evolved with the city itself.
The Origins of a Name: A Tribute to Mars
The name “Champ-de-Mars” isn’t unique to the Parisian site. This term, drawn from Roman mythology, was used for spaces dedicated to military exercises and parades. Historically, many garrison towns, including Paris, had their own “Champ-de-Mars” – vast areas named after the god of war, Mars.
The name reflects the historical importance of military training in shaping the identity of these places. Even today, some towns retain their “Champ-de-Mars,” notably Paris, whose military heritage has left an indelible mark on French history.
A Shifting Landscape: From Vineyards to the Eiffel Tower
The Champ-de-Mars in Paris has had many lives. Before transforming into the extensive park we know today, it was once an immense esplanade dotted with vegetable gardens and vineyards in the 16th century. As time marched on, its purpose changed, becoming a pivotal site in the capital.
During the 18th century, the sprawling space – where the Eiffel Tower would later rise – served as a maneuvering field for military drills, justifying the name’s origin. Its vastness was such that it could accommodate over 10,000 soldiers in formation. For security, the esplanade was off-limits to the public, guarded by towering wrought-iron gates.
A Stage for History: Revolution, Races, and Exhibitions
The French Revolution ushered in a new era for the Champ-de-Mars, transforming it into a gathering place for pivotal historical events. The storming of the Bastille is celebrated there every July 14th, a tradition dating back to 1790.
The Belle Époque saw the Champ-de-Mars become a hub for horse racing, drawing huge crowds. This tradition continues to thrive, even hosting the celebration of the legendary horse Jappeloup’s jubilee in 1991, where the world’s top 25 riders showcased their skills in a stunning show jumping display.
The Champ-de-Mars also played host to universal exhibitions in the 19th century, taking over from the Trocadéro gardens. The 1889 Universal Exhibition marked a significant turning point, witnessing the birth of the Eiffel Tower. This event also marked the transfer of the Champ-de-Mars from military control to the City of Paris, paving the way for its transformation into a magnificent green park.
A Tapestry of Memories: From Celebrations to Daily Life
The Champ-de-Mars continues to be a special place for significant events, echoing its rich past. It’s a gathering spot for New Year’s celebrations and historic victories, like those of the French national football team, Les Bleus, in 1998 and 2018. But most importantly, it’s a haven of peace and tranquility where people come to stroll, picnic, and soak up the beauty of the city, all within the shadow of the Eiffel Tower.
A Green Oasis in the City: A Place for Everyone
Today, the Champ-de-Mars is one of Paris’s largest green spaces, spanning 24.5 hectares. Situated in the 7th arrondissement, it stands out as the only public garden in Paris open 24/7, welcoming visitors at any hour.
Though its military past is long gone, the Champ-de-Mars offers a serene escape for those seeking a peaceful stroll or a leisurely picnic. With breathtaking views of the Eiffel Tower and the Military School, it’s a popular destination for tourists, especially those eager to capture the iconic “Iron Lady” on camera.
Inspired by both French and English garden design, the Champ-de-Mars features sprawling lawns, meandering paths, and magnificent bronze statues, making it one of Paris’s most beautiful gardens and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Its rare trees attract a diverse array of birds, including tawny owls who can be heard calling at night but remain elusive during the day.
The Champ-de-Mars is unique among Parisian gardens because it’s open to the public without barriers, making it accessible to everyone, day or night. The park regularly hosts events like concerts, political rallies, and sporting events. The 2024 Paris Games will see the Champ-de-Mars take center stage as the location for the Eiffel Tower stadium and the Champ-de-Mars Arena, promising a vibrant atmosphere and unforgettable experiences.
A Legacy of Gathering: Paris’s Heartbeat
The Champ-de-Mars has always been a focal point for the people of Paris, a place where they have gathered to celebrate, commemorate, and simply enjoy the beauty of their city. In 2024, it will continue to unite people in shared experiences during the Olympic Games at the Eiffel Tower stadium and the Champ-de-Mars Arena.
The Champ-de-Mars is a testament to the enduring spirit of Paris, a place that has witnessed history unfold, evolved with the times, and continues to offer a haven for those seeking a touch of nature amidst the city’s urban bustle.
